Technical Specifications
Consensus Architecture
Twin Turbo Consensus
Live Implementation
Protocol Specifications
Base Protocol:Enhanced BFT
Consensus Name:Twin Turbo Consensus
Target Block Time:~400ms
Finality:Instant (1 block)
Safety Threshold:⅔ + 1 validators
Optimizations
Pipelined block processing
Optimistic execution
Aggressive timeouts
Parallel validation
Execution Engine
Parallel Processing Architecture
The Panoptis execution engine implements Optimistic Concurrency Control (OCC) to enable parallel transaction processing:
Core Mechanism
- Multi-core Utilization: Leverages all available CPU cores for transaction execution
- Dependency Analysis: Pre-execution analysis to identify transaction dependencies
- Conflict Detection: Automatic detection of read/write conflicts between transactions
- Deterministic Resolution: Ensures consistent outcomes across all nodes
Performance Characteristics
- Throughput Scaling: Performance scales with available CPU cores
- Latency Optimization: Parallel execution reduces overall block processing time
- Resource Efficiency: Optimal utilization of hardware resources
State Access Patterns
- Read/Write Tracking: Monitors all state access during execution
- Conflict Resolution: Automatic re-execution of conflicting transactions
- Order Preservation: Maintains deterministic transaction ordering
Storage Architecture
PanoptisDB Specifications
Storage System Configuration
Engine Specifications
Base Architecture:Hybrid MPT + LSM
Cache Levels:3-tier (L1/L2/L3)
Concurrent Access:MVCC Support
State Sync:Incremental
Performance Targets
Read Latency:< 1ms (cached)
Write Throughput:High concurrent
State Root:Incremental calc
Pruning:Configurable
Cache Architecture
- L1 Cache: Hot state data in memory
- L2 Cache: Recently accessed state with LRU eviction
- L3 Cache: SSD-based persistent cache for warm data
- Cache Coherency: Distributed cache synchronization across nodes
Network Specifications
Protocol Parameters
Network Configuration
Consensus Parameters
Max Validators:100
Voting Power:Stake-weighted
Unbonding Period:21 days
Slashing:Byzantine behavior
Block Parameters
Max Block Size:22 MB
Max Gas Limit:Dynamic
Base Fee:EIP-1559 compatible
Priority Fee:User-defined
Performance Targets
Engineering Targets: The following performance specifications represent current network capabilities and engineering targets for ongoing optimizations.
Current Performance Metrics
| Metric | Target | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Block Time | ~400ms | Average time between blocks |
| Finality | 1-2 blocks | Probabilistic → Deterministic |
| TPS | High throughput | Transactions per second |
| Gas Processing | Efficient | Gas units processed per second |
| State Access | Sub-ms | Cached state read latency |
Throughput Characteristics
- Sequential Baseline: Standard EVM execution performance
- Parallel Execution: Multi-core scaling benefits
- Storage Operations: Optimized read/write performance
- Network Sync: Fast block propagation and validation
EVM Compatibility
Standard Ethereum Features
- Complete Solidity Support: All Solidity versions and features
- Vyper Compatibility: Full support for Vyper smart contracts
- JSON-RPC Endpoints: Standard Ethereum JSON-RPC API
- Web3 Integration: Compatible with Web3.js, Ethers.js
- Tooling Support: Hardhat, Foundry, Remix, Truffle
Enhanced Capabilities
- Sub-second Finality: Faster than standard Ethereum
- Parallel Execution: Non-conflicting transactions execute simultaneously
- Optimized Gas: More predictable and efficient gas usage
- Advanced Precompiles: Additional utility functions
Gas Model
- Base Fee: EIP-1559 compatible base fee mechanism
- Priority Fee: User-defined tips for transaction prioritization
- Gas Limit: Dynamic block gas limit adjustment
- Gas Price: Market-driven gas price discovery
Developer Interface
JSON-RPC Compatibility
Panoptis Chain supports all standard Ethereum JSON-RPC endpoints:
Supported RPC Methods
Transaction Methods
eth_sendTransaction
eth_sendRawTransaction
eth_getTransactionReceipt
Block Methods
eth_getBlockByNumber
eth_getBlockByHash
eth_blockNumber
Account Methods
eth_getBalance
eth_getTransactionCount
eth_call
Development Tools Integration
- Hardhat: Full compatibility with Hardhat development environment
- Foundry: Support for Foundry testing and deployment framework
- Remix: Browser-based IDE compatibility
- MetaMask: Wallet integration for dApp interaction
- Block Explorers: Web-based blockchain exploration tools
Security Model
Consensus Security
- Byzantine Fault Tolerance: Withstands up to 1/3 malicious validators
- Economic Security: Slashing conditions for misbehavior
- Validator Set: Decentralized validator network
- Stake Requirements: Minimum stake for validator participation
Execution Security
- Deterministic Execution: Identical outcomes across all nodes
- State Integrity: Cryptographic state root verification
- Parallel Safety: Conflict detection prevents race conditions
- Gas Metering: Prevents infinite loops and resource exhaustion
Network Security
- P2P Security: Encrypted peer-to-peer communication
- DDoS Protection: Rate limiting and connection management
- Mempool Protection: Transaction validation and spam prevention
- Sync Security: Secure block synchronization protocols
These technical specifications provide the foundation for understanding Panoptis Chain's architecture and capabilities. The platform delivers high performance while maintaining security and decentralization principles.